calcium chloride

NATIONAL

CALIFORNIA

VENTURA

policies

category

Calcium Salt

mechanism

Moderates nerve and muscle performance by regulating their excitation threshold.
In hydrofluoric acid exposures, calcium chloride provides a source of calcium which can bind fluoride ions as well as treat and prevent complications secondary to hypocalcemia; intra-arterial administration can reduce the penetration of the fluoride ion into tissues and prevent or reduce tissue destruction and pain.

indications

Beta-blocker overdose
Calcium channel blocker overdose
Hyperkalemia (suspect with cardiac arrest or bradycardia in renal failure patients, or crush injuries with arrhythmias)
Hypermagnesemia-associated cardiac arrest
Hydrofluoric acid burns

contraindications

Ventricular fibrillation
Asystole

dosing

Adult

IV, IO: 1 g; may repeat as necessary

Pediatric

IV, IO: 20 mg/kg/dose (maximum dose: 1 g); may repeat as necessary

administration

Avoid rapid administration (do not exceed 100 mg/minute except in emergency situations). For patients in cardiac arrest, administer as a rapid bolus. Do not use small hand or foot veins for IV administration (severe necrosis may occur).

onset

Immediate

duration

4 hours

notes

Cardiac arrest: Not recommended as routine treatment in cardiac arrest (includes asystole, ventricular fibrillation, pulseless ventricular tachycardia, or pulseless electrical activity)
Extravasation: ensure proper needle position prior to and during infusion. Extravasation may result in severe necrosis. Monitor the IV site closely.
Digoxin: Use with caution in digitalized patients; hypercalcemia may precipitate cardiac arrhythmias.

dosage form

IV solution: 1g / 10ml (10%), 10 mL vial

adverse reactions

Cardiovascular
- Hypotension
- Arrhythmia
- Vasodilation
Local
- Localized burning

structure